THE STAKES ARE HIGH FOR MICHIGAN

The OBBBA makes harmful changes related to education, some of which are tax-related and others that deal with student loans. 

Tax Impact

National School Voucher Program: Educational Choice for Children Act (ECCA)

  • For the first time, taxpayers can donate to Scholarship Granting Organizations (SGOs) and fully deduct the donations as a dollar for dollar credit up to $1,700 per tax payer per year. The SGOs then distribute the scholarships (or vouchers) for students to use on private or religious school tuition, homeschooling costs, or other related education expenses. The scholarship funds would be available to families whose household incomes do not exceed 300 percent of their area’s median gross income.
    • States have to opt into the program. 
    • Families can begin receiving the scholarships (vouchers) January 1, 2027.
    • It is difficult to predict the cost of the program because we do not yet know which states will opt in, but the non-partisan Joint Committee on Taxation estimates that this voucher program could cost the federal government almost $26 billion in lost tax revenue over the next decade.
    • School vouchers are historically unpopular with voters because they drain resources from local public schools and primarily benefit wealthy families who already have access to high quality public schools or the ability to pay for a private education. 

Repercussions for Student Loan Programs
Placing limits on federal student loans will force students, particularly those seeking graduate degrees, to take out loans on the private loan market. Students who cannot take on the burden of higher interest rates may no longer have access to a graduate-level education.

  • Limits on loan access:
    • Eliminates the Graduate PLUS loan program.
    • Caps graduate student loan borrowing at $20,500/year and $100,000 lifetime.
    • Professional student loan borrowing capped at $50,000/year and $200,000 lifetime.
      • It’s not yet clear yet what programs are considered graduate and what are considered professional. 
    • Reduces the amount parents can borrow under the Parent PLUS program.
    • Places a cap on lifetime borrowing of $275,500.
  • Changes to the repayment plans for new federal loan borrowers:
    • Terminates all repayment plans authorized under the income contingent repayment statute including the Income Contingent Repayment, Pay As You Earn (PAYE), Revised Pay As You Earn (REPAYE), and Saving on a Valuable Education (SAVE) plans.
      • Replaces these plans with a new standard plan and a new income-based plan, the Repayment Assistance Plan.
  • Changes to the repayment plans for current federal loan borrowers:
    • Requires borrowers enrolled in current income contingent repayment plans to move to new plans.
  • Changes to the Pell Grant program:
    • Makes a student ineligible for a Pell Grant if their Student Aid Index equals or exceeds the amount of the maximum Pell award.
    • Includes foreign income in the calculation of a student’s Pell eligibility.
    • Makes students ineligible for Pell if they are receiving other non-Title IV grants that taken together equal or exceed the student’s full cost of attendance. This is most likely to affect student athletes.
    • Expansion of eligibility for very short-term job training programs.

 

 

Analysis provided by
Alexandra Stamm, Education Policy Analyst